The Montessori Method of education has been in practice since the past hundred years. It was developed by an Italian educationist named Maria Montessori. The Montessori Method lays its emphasis on the education of a child. Although there are instances of Montessori high schools, its main focus has always been the development and education of children.
The Montessori Method lays its emphasis on self-directed activity of the child with teachers playing the part of observers or mentors. It stresses the importance of adapting the child's learning environment to his or her developmental level, and of the role of physical activity in absorbing academic concepts and practical skills. {Via Wikipedia}.
The beginning was made in 1907 with the opening of the first Montessori school in Rome. Both the educational approach and educational materials were developed by Maria Montessori. Every step of the child’s progress is seen a building block. Some of the basic premises on which the method is built on are as follows -
- Children are capable of self-directed learning.
- Teachers play the role of observers rather than a lecturer.
- There are sensitive development periods in a child’s life during which they are especially capable of learning new skills.
- Children have an absorbent mind from birth to age six. They achieve some competence to deal with their environment and to perfect skills and understanding.
The United States has about 8000 schools that impart learning based on Montessori methods. The US along with Canada, Australia and the Netherlands have incorporated the Montessori Method into their public school system. In India, the method of education is confined to cities and it has not been widely implemented in the absence of a public school system.
Maria Montessori also had a close association with India. She came to India in 1939 under the invitation of the Theosophical society of India. She made Adyar in Chennai her home for ten years. The Association Montessori Internationale, was founded by Maria Montessori for the purpose of preserving and expanding the learning methods developed by her.
References
http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/montessori/method/method.html
http://graduate.loyola.edu/graduate/academics/edu/montessori/default.asp
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Montessori
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montessori
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